whisper
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Jesse P. Goff
Macromineral physiology and application to the feeding of the dairy cow for prevention of milk fever and other periparturient mineral disorders
Animal Feed Science and Technology
126 (2006) 237–257
Abstract
The periparturient cow undergoes a transition from non-lactating to lactating at calving. The animal
is tremendously challenged to maintain calcium homeostasis. Those that fail can develop milk
fever, a clinical disorder that is life threatening to the cow and predisposes the cow to a variety of
other disorders. Less dramatic sub-clinical hypocalcemia can also reduce productivity of cattle by
reducing feed intake in early lactation. The cause and prevention of milk fever will be discussed,
focusing on the role of diet cation–anion difference and use of low calcium diets. The periparturient
period also typically causes minor perturbations in blood potassium and phosphorus concentrations.
Occasionally these disturbances are severe enough to be the cause of recumbency and the “downer
cow” syndrome. Pathogenesis of these syndromes will be discussed. Low blood magnesium concentrations
are observed when animals are fed inadequate amounts of magnesium or some factor is
present in the diet, which prevents adequate absorption of magnesium. Severe hypomagnesemia can
cause tetany and the downer cow syndrome, but more commonly moderate hypomagnesemia impairs
the ability of the cow to maintain calcium homeostasis and hypocalcemia occurs secondary to the hypomagnesemia.
pages:21
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